The redistribution of the Tourism Flow in Destination (TFD)  from spatial-temporal concentration. Seville is flowing.

Concepción Foronda Robles; Ana María García López; Irene Navarro Franco

doi:10.14198/INTURI2022.23.1

Autores/as

Concepción Foronda Robles Universidad de Sevilla, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3632-2410
Ana María García López Universidad de Sevilla, España
Irene Navarro Franco Universidad de Sevilla, España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-2620

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI2022.23.1

Palabras clave:

concentration of visitors, tourist flows, spatial-temporal behaviour, urban tourism precincts, Seville.

Resumen

Esta investigación busca interrelacionar cómo el comportamiento espacio-temporal de los turistas en los centros históricos de los destinos urbanos da forma a los Recintos de Turismo Urbano, a partir del análisis de los flujos turísticos y la delimitación de las diferentes zonas turísticas. Para ello se ha utilizado como caso de estudio la ciudad de Sevilla, por ser el tercer destino urbano de España con mayor número de visitantes y pernoctaciones al año. En cuantoa la metodología, se utilizan entrevistas con guías turísticos, técnicas de observación directa y tecnología de seguimiento por GPS para cuantificar y rastrear los grupos de turistas en ruta, obteniendo así los diferentes tipos de Flujos Turísticos en Destino. Este estudio muestra cómo el comportamiento-espacio temporal de la demanda es una de las principales variables que moldean el UTP. Asimismo, con el uso de diferentes técnicas se han encontrado diferencias entre turistas guiados (tradicional y free tours) y no guiados.

Financiación

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Proyectos de I D de Generación del Conocimiento, Ref. PGC2018-095992-B-I00

Citas

ABC de Sevilla (2019a). Nota de prensa: Récord de visitas en 2019 en el Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo. Retrieved from: https://sevilla.abc.es/cultura/sevi-record-visitas-2019-centro-andaluz-arte-contemporaneo-202001022103_noticia.html

ABC de Sevilla (2019b). Nota de prensa: La Catedral de Sevilla iguala ya al Taj Mahal en el número de visitants al año. Retrieved from: https://sevilla.abc.es/sevilla/sevi-turismo-catedral-sevilla-iguala-mahal-numero-visitantes-202001110814_noticia.html

Aina, N. (2019). Identifikasi Tourism Business District di Kota Banjarmasin. JAMANG, 1(1), 34-40. Retrieved from: https://journal.umbjm.ac.id/index.php/jamang/article/view/286

Annisa, F.N.; Kastolani, W. & Waluya, B. (2016). Analisis Sebaran Tourism Business District (TBD) di Kota Bogor. Antologi Pendidikan Geografi, 4(2), 1-14. Retrieved from: http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/25039

Ashworth, G.J., White, P. & Winchester, H. (1988). The red-light district in the West European city. Geoforum, 19 (2), 201–212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7185(88)80029-0

Ashworth, G.J. & Page, S.J. (2011). Urban Tourism Research: Recent Progress and Current Paradoxes. Tourism Management, 32 (1), 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.02.002

Baggio, R. & Scaglione M. (2018). Strategic visitor flows and destination management organization. Inf Technol Tourism, 18, 29-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-017-0096-1

Bauder, M. (2015). Using GPS supported speed analysis to determine spatial visitor behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17 (4), 337-346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1991

Bauder, M. (2020). Transforming tourist urban spaces by CCTV–an empirical study in Montpellier. Tourism Geographies, 2020, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1786155

Bort, M. M. (2004). Merchandising. Madrid, España: ESIC Editorial.

Burtenshaw, D., Bateman, M. & Ashworth, G. J. (1981). The European city, a western perspective. London: Fulton.

Caldeira, A. & Kastenholz, E. (2015). Spatiotemporal behaviour of the urban multi-attraction tourist: does distance travelled from country of origin make a difference?. Tourism Management Studies, 11 (1), 91-97. Retrieved from: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=388743883011

Caldeira, A. & Kastenholz, E. (2020). Spatiotemporal tourist behaviour in urban destinations: a framework of analysis. Tourism Geographies, 22(1), 22-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1611909

Cavaillès, C.; Laurent, M.; Maurin S & Sánchez, J. (2016). Los turistas en el centro histórico de Salamanca: tránsito, percepción y (des)conocimiento. Cuadernos de Turismo, 37, 37-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.37.256131

Dejbakhsh, S.; Arrowsmith, C. & Jackson, M. (2011). Cultural influence on spatial behaviour. Tourism Geographies, 13 (1), 91-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2010.516396

Donaire, J. A., Galí, N. & Gulisova, B. (2020). Tracking visitors in crowded spaces using zenith images: Drones and time-lapse. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, [100680]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100680

Donaire, J; Galí, N. & Royo-Vela, M. (2015). El uso del GPS para el análisis del comportamiento espacio-temporal de los turistas [Using GPS to análisis time-space tourists’ behaviour. A pre-test study in Boí Valley]. Cuadernos de Turismo, 32, 117-131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.35.221541

Donaire, J. A. & Galí, N. (2008). Modeling tourist itineraries in heritage cities. Routes around the Old District of Girona. PASOS, 6(3), 435-449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2008.06.033

Donaire, J. & Galí, N. (2011). La imagen turística de Barcelona en la Comunidad de Flickr [Barcelona Tourism Image Within The Flickr Community]. Cuadernos de Turismo, 27, 291-303. Retrieved from: https://revistas.um.es/turismo/article/view/139961

Dumbrovská, V. (2017). Urban tourism development in Prague: From tourist Mecca to tourist Ghetto. In N. Bellini & C. Pasquinelli (Eds.), Tourism in the City: Towards an integrative agenda on urban tourism, 275–283. Cham: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26877-4_19

East, D.; Osborne, P.; Kemp, S. & Woodfine, T. (2017). Combining GPS & survey data improves understanding of visitor behaviour. Tourism Management, 61, 307-320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.02.021

Escudero-Gómez, L. A. (2020). Perceptions and opinions of the host community regarding overtourism in the touristic-historic city: A case study in Toledo (Spain). Ribeiro, C.; Quintano, A.; Simancas, M.; Huete, R.; Breda, Z. (Eds), Handbook of Research on The Impacts Challenges, and Policy Responses to Overtourism, Chapter 17, 325-347. Pensilvania: IGI Global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2224-0.ch017

Fennell, D. (1996). A tourist space-time budget in the Shetland Islands. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(4), 811-829. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(96)00008-4

Freytag, T. & Bauder, M. (2018). Bottom-up touristification and urban transformations in Paris. Tourism Geographies, 20 (3), 443-460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1454504

Galí, N. (2009). Propuesta metodológica para el análisis del comportamiento de la demanda de turismo cultural a partir del diseño de un grafo valorizado. El ejemplo de Girona [Methodological proposal for the analysis of the behaviour of the demand for cultural tourism based on the design of a valued graph. The example of Girona]. Revista de Análisis Turístico, 7, 39-48. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10256/15343

Galí, N. & Donaire, A. (2006). Visitors’ behavior in heritage cities: the case of Gerona. Journal of Travel Research, 44 (4), 442-448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505282956

Getz, D. (1993). Planning for bussines district. Annals of Tourism Research, 20 (3), 583-600. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(93)90011-Q

Haldrup, M. (2004). Laid-Back Mobilities: Second-home holidays in time and space. Tourism Geographies, 6 (4), 434-454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461668042000280228

Hartmann, R. (1988). Combining field methods in tourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 15 (1), 88-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(88)90073-4

Hayllar, B. & Griffin, T. (2005). The precinct experience: a phenomenological approach. Tourism Management, 26(4), pp. 517-528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.03.011

Hayllar, B.; Griffin, T. & Edwards, D. (2009). City Space, Tourist Place: Urban Tourism Precincts. Oxford: Elsevier.

Huang, X., Li, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, H., & Yan, S. (2020). Tourists’ spatial-temporal behavior patterns in theme parks: A case study of Ocean Park Hong Kong. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 15, 100411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100411

Jover-Báez, J., & Berraquero-Díaz, L. (2020). ¿Habitantes o visitantes? El impacto del alquiler vacacional en el mercado de vivienda en Sevilla. Ciudad Y Territorio Estudios Territoriales (CyTET). 52(206), 823-840. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37230/CyTET.2020.206.07

Kerlinger, F. & Lee, H. (2002). Investigación del comportamiento, Métodos de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales. México: Mc. Graw Hill.

Keul, A. & Küheberger, A. (1997). Tracking the Salzburg tourist. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 1008-1012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00038-8

Lepan, L. (2013). L’espace touristique de la grande ville: une approche par les pratiques et les mobilités touristiques. Le cas de la destination Paris [The tourist space of the big city: an approach based on tourist practices and mobility. The case of the destination Paris]. Mondes du Tourisme, 8, 75-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/tourisme.95

Lew, A. & McKercher, B. (2006). Modelling tourist movements: A local destination analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 33 (2), 403-423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.12.002

Maitland, R. & Newman, P. (2004). Developing metropolitan tourism on the fringe of central London. International Journal of Tourism Research, 6 (5), 339-348. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.496

Marchena M. & Hernández, E. (2016). Sevilla en la primera década del siglo XXI: transformaciones urbanas hacia un nuevo modelo de ciudad [Seville in the first decade of the 21st century: urban transformations towards a new model of city]. Boletín de la Asociación Española de Geógrafos Españoles, 70, 393-417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.2176

Markwell, K. & Basche, C. (1998). Using personal diaries to collect data. Annals of Tourism research, 25 (1), 221-245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00075-3

Masson, J. E., & Wellhoff, A. (1991). Merchandising. Rentabilidad y gestión del punto de venta. Bilbao: Ediciones Deusto.

McKercher, B. (2008). Segment transformation in urban tourism, Tourism Management, 29 (6), 1215–1225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.03.005

McKercher, B.; Shoval, N; Ng, E. & Birenboim, A. (2012). First and repeat visitor behavior: GPS tracking and GIS analysis in Hong Kong. Tourism Geographies, 14 (1), 147-161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2011.598542

Meyer-Arendt, K. J. (1990). Recreational business districts in Gulf of Mexico seaside resorts. Journal of Cultural Geography, 11(1), 39-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08873639009478436

Milano, C. (2017): Overtourism y turismofobia. Tendencias globales y contextos locales. Barcelona: Ostelea School of Tourism & Hospitality.

Molz, J. (2010). Performing global geographies: time, space, place and pace in narratives of round-the-World travel. Tourism Geographies, 12 (3), 329-348. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2010.494684

Mou, N.; Yuan, R.; Yang, T.; Zhang, H.; Tang, J. & Makkonen, T. (2020). Exploring spatio-temporal changes of city inbound tourism Flow: The case of Shanghai, China. Tourism Management, 76(2020), 103955, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.103955

Mullins, P. (1991). Tourism urbanization. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 15 (3), 326 -342. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.1991.tb00642.x

Murphy, P. (1992). Tourism and visitor behaviour. American Behavioral Scientist, 36 (2), 200-211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764292036002007

Novy, J. (2018). Destination’ Berlin revisited. From (new) tourism towards a pentagon of mobility and place consumption. Tourism Geographies, 20(3), 418-442. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1357142

Pearce, D. (1998). Tourism districts in Paris: structure and functions. Tourism Management, 19 (1), 49-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(97)00095-2

Pettersson, R. & Zillinger, M. (2011). Time and Space in Event Behaviour. Tracking Visitors by GPS. Tourism Geographies, 13 (1), 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2010.529932

Puente-Domínguez, N. (2018). Effective presentation e-merchandising techniques. The importance of review the literature to improve the management of digital companies. Harvard Deusto Business Research, 7(2), 88-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/hdbr.145

Schmude, J. & Namberguer, P. (2010). Tourismus geographie, Wissenschaftl. Darmstadt: Buchgesell.

Seville City Hall (2020a). Explotación estadística de los datos del Padrón de Habitantes y del Callejero. Retrieved from: https://www.sevilla.org/servicios/servicio-de-estadistica/datos-estadisticos/explotacion-estadistica-padron

Seville City Hall (2020b). Sistema de Información Geográfica del Callejero de Sevilla. Retrieved from: https://www.sevilla.org/servicios/servicio-de-estadistica/callejero/sig

Shoval, N. (2018). Tourism and urban planning in European Cities. London: Routledge.

Shoval, N.; Kahani, A.; De Cantis, S. & Ferrante, M. (2020). Impacts of incentives on tourist activity in space-time. Annals of Tourism Research, 80, [102846], 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102846

Shoval, N. & Isaacson, M. (2007). Tracking tourists in the digital age. Annals of Tourism Research, 34 (1), 141-159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2006.07.007

Stansfield, C. & Rickert, J. (1970). The recreational business district. Journal of Leisure, 2(4), 213-225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757201000350

Statistics National Institute (SNI) (2013): Encuesta de Ocupación Hotelera (EOH) [Hotel Occupancy Survey, HOS]. Retrieved From: https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=2078&L=0

Statistics National Institute (SNI) (2019): Encuesta de Ocupación Hotelera (EOH) [Hotel Occupancy Survey, HOS]. Retrieved From: https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=2078&L=0

Statistics National Institute (SNI) (2020): Medición del número de viviendas turísticas en España y su capacidad [Measuring the number of tourist homes in Spain and their capacity]. Retrieved From: https://www.ine.es/experimental/viv_turistica/experimental_viv_turistica.htm

Stevenson, D. (2003) Cities and urban cultures, Maindenhead: McGraw-Hill Education.

Sukwadi, R. (2015). Utilizing customer experience management framework to create a delightful service experience. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 6(1), 29-42. Retrieved from: https://ijiemjournal.org/v06/v06-01-05.html

Tchetchik, A.; Fleischer, A. & Shoval, N. (2009). Segmentation of visitors to a Heritage Site using high-resolution time-space data. Journal of Travel Research, 48(2), 216-219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509332307

Thornton, P.R.; Williams, A.M. & Shaw, G. (1997). Revisiting time-space diaries: an exploratory case study of tourist behaviour in Cornwall, England. Environment and Planning, 29, 1847-1846. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a291847

Tripathy, A.K.; Tripathy, P.K.; Ray, N.L & Mohanty, S.P. (2018). iTour: The future o Smart Tourism: An IoT Framework for the Independent Mobility of Tourists in Smart Cities. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 7(3), 32-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2018.2797758

Trujillo, K. (2015). Análisis y gestión de los flujos turísticos en el centro histórico de Málaga [Analysis and management of tourist flows in the historic centre of Malaga]. Papers de turismo, 57, 47-73. Retrieved from: http://www.papersdeturisme.gva.es/ojs/index.php/Papers/article/view/434

UNESCO (1987). World Heritage List: Cathedral, Alcázar and Archive of Indias in Seville. Retrieved from: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/383/gallery/

Villar, A. & Fernández, A. (2017). Reconstruir la historia del turismo a través de la prensa: la evolución del espacio turístico de Sevilla (1915-2015) [Reconstructing the history of tourism through the press: the evolution of Seville's tourist area (1915-2015)]. Cuadernos de Geografía, 56 (1), 290-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30827/cuadgeo.v56i1.4714

Wearing, S. & Foley, C. (2017). Understanding the tourist experiences of cities. Annals of Tourism Research, 65(2017), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.05.007

Weaver, D.B. (1993). A model of urban tourism space in small Caribbean islands. Geographical Review, 83 (2), 134–140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/215251

Xiao-Ting H. & Bi-Hu W. (2012). Intra-attraction tourist spatial-temporal behaviour patterns. Tourism Geographies, 14 (4), 625-645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2012.647322

Yi, J. & Xiao, Y. (2018). Research on planning, renovation and desing of traditional small town Tourism Business District. 2018 3rd International Conference on Smart City and Systems Engineering (ICSCSE), Xiamen, China, 2018, pp. 766-770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSCSE.2018.00165

Yun, H.; Kang, J.; Lee, D. J. & J, M. (2018). Spatiotemporal distribution of urban walking tourists by season using GPS based smartphone application. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(11), 1047–1061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1513949

Zhu, H.; Liu, J.; Liu, H.; Wang, X.; Ma, Y. (2017). Recreational Business District boundary identifying and spatial structure influence in historic area development: A case study of Qianmen area, China. Habitat International, 63(2017), 11-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.03.003