Las nuevas tecnologías de los museos para la visita de sus usuarios: una revisión de la literatura del período pre-COVID-19

Byron Alvarado Vanegas; Núria Galí-Espelt; Dolors Vidal-Casellas

doi:10.14198/INTURI.23813

Autores/as

Byron Alvarado Vanegas Universitat de Girona, España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0573-2289
Núria Galí-Espelt Universitat de Girona, España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-1357
Dolors Vidal-Casellas Universitat de Girona, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2731-1808

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI.23813

Palabras clave:

Nuevas tecnologías, museos, satisfacción usuarios, nuevas experiencias, situación pre-COVID

Resumen

La gestión de los museos, desde inicios del siglo XXI, ha mostrado una creciente implementación de las nuevas tecnologías (códigos QR, Apps, realidad aumentada, realidad virtual, gamificación, entre otros), en aras de proporcionar una mayor satisfacción a sus visitantes. De hecho, la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha acelerado dicho uso, que ya venía gestándose desde inicios de este siglo. Hoy, las tecnologías son recursos clave para la gestión de museos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el uso de nuevas tecnologías en museos, a partir de una revisión de la literatura entre el período 2000-2019, etapa previa a la COVID-19. Se ha elegido el período pre-pandemia, puesto que la COVID-19 marca un punto de inflexión, el cierre de un ciclo y el inicio de una nueva etapa. Para este análisis, se recopilaron 130 artículos publicados en revistas del Journal Citation Reports (JCR). La investigación arrojó tres hallazgos principales: el primero indicó que los sistemas multimedia han sido las herramientas tecnológicas más frecuentes dentro de los museos, las cuales en su mayoría están destinadas a la satisfacción de los visitantes. El segundo hallazgo indicó que los artículos académicos con mayor colaboración entre autores, son los más citados en el área académica, independientemente al factor de impacto de la revista. Finalmente, el último hallazgo determinó que la colaboración entre investigadores sigue siendo escasa, especialmente entre investigadores de distintas disciplinas. Este documento contribuye con una evaluación precisa del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías en el campo de los museos, en la era pre-pandemia.

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