Refugios climáticos en España: lectura crítica de un equipamiento urbano para el turismo estival
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI.28551Palabras clave:
cambio climático, destino turístico, planificación, turistificación, confort térmico, adaptaciónResumen
La actividad turística se ve afectada, de modo cada vez más notable, por los efectos del cambio climático. El aumento de la temperatura durante las últimas décadas, en especial el exceso de calor diurno, y la ocurrencia, cada vez más frecuente, de olas de calor en los meses de verano, condicionan la permanencia del turista al aire libre en los destinos turísticos españoles. Para adaptarse a la pérdida de confort térmico y los efectos negativos en la salud, algunas ciudades españolas, que son destinos turísticos relevantes, están promocionando el desarrollo de refugios climáticos. El presente trabajo analiza la situación de los refugios climáticos en España desde varias dimensiones: conceptual, territorial, de planificación y gestión y crítica. También analiza las posibilidades y requerimientos de adaptación de las tipologías existentes a las necesidades de los turistas. A partir de fuentes secundarias y de la revisión de 46 planes locales de adaptación al cambio climático, se presenta un inventario con la distribución territorial de estos equipamientos, así como el análisis de sus tipologías. Se han comprobado las limitaciones existentes en relación con la planificación y el desarrollo de refugios adaptados a las necesidades del turista o de las áreas turísticas. Por último, se lleva a cabo una lectura crítica que valora su pertinencia como elementos que garantizan una visita segura y confortable, pero que pueden convertirse en instalaciones que agraven la gentrificación y la turistificación de destinos saturados, cuyo establecimiento no debe menoscabar el bienestar de la población local.
Financiación
A la Cátedra Aguas de Alicante de Cambio Climático de la Universidad de Alicante, PID2020-114186RB-C22 financiado por MCIN-AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, PID2020-116860RB-C21, PID2022-137648OB-C21. Financiado por MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 y FEDER/EU.Citas
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Derechos de autor 2025 Jorge Olcina Cantos, Carmen Mínguez, Rubén Villar-Navascués, Javier Martín-Vide, Hélder Silva Lopes, Macià Blázquez-Salom
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