Determinantes de la competitividad de destinos de turismo en países seleccionados de Latinoamérica: un enfoque a partir del modelo de gravedad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI2022.24.12Palabras clave:
Competitividad de destinos, turismo, Latinoamérica, modelo de gravedadResumen
La competitividad de destinos turísticos ha sido ampliamente estudiada teniendo en cuenta diversas unidades de análisis e instrumentos de medición. Sin embargo, el estudio con datos bilaterales utilizando el modelo de gravedad ha sido relativamente escaso. Por lo anterior, esta investigación analiza, a través de este instrumento, los efectos de variables macroeconómicas, de infraestructura y propios de la industria turística en la competitividad de destino para 19 países seleccionados de Latinoamérica desde una perspectiva comparada y ampliada. Los resultados son consistentes con la literatura en variables de infraestructura y específicas de la industria. A su vez, se debe ser cauto con los resultados macroeconómicos, por la ausencia de datos específicamente relacionados con el sector y por los efectos disímiles que se puedan presentar en el corto, mediano y largo plazo. Se encuentra que el acceso a internet y la disponibilidad de lugares declarados como patrimonio mundial son atractivos para los turistas y por tanto podrían ser efecto de priorización en las políticas públicas.
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